Từ vựng tiếng Anh luyện thi THPT Quốc gia nâng cao và mở rộng - Topic: Energy and Global warming

Đây là series bài viết giới thiệu những từ vựng tiếng Anh luyện thi THPT Quốc gia trình độ nâng cao và mở rộng giúp người học tối ưu số điểm của mình. Bài viết sẽ đem đến những từ vựng Topic: Energy and Global warming (Năng lượng và sự nóng lên toàn cầu) kèm theo bài tập vận dụng vào bài thi THPT Quốc gia môn tiếng Anh.

Những từ vựng tiếng Anh luyện thi THPT Quốc gia nâng cao chủ đề Natural habitat and human impacts

Một số collocations đáng chú ý:

1. Exhaust fume: khí thải

2. To exploit something: khai thác cái gì

3. Dependence on somebody/ something: Sự phụ thuộc vào ai/ cái gì

4. Sustainable development: sự phát triển bền vững

5. To tackle a problem: giải quyết một vấn đề

Bài tập kiểm tra từ vựng chủ đề Energy and Global warming

Exercise 1: Match the correct meanings of the following words/phrases

Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks with corrects words that have the following meanings

Bài tập vận dụng từ vựng chủ đề Energy and Global warming

Exercise 1: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 1: Industries, households and forest fires contributed to the poor ________ in major cities.

Question 2: The four main areas that determine your ________ are electricity usage, oil or natural gas usage, car mileage, and airplane trips.

Question 3: Our ________ on motor vehicles powered by fossil fuels incurs an array of external costs to the environment and the public's health.

Question 4: The city's streets are filthy and choked with _______ fumes.

Question 5: Global warming results from the ________ of heat trapping gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane

Question 6: We can _______ climate change by switching to “green power”.

Question 7: A large international meeting was held with the aim of promoting ________ development in all countries.

Question 8: The greatest ozone ________ occurred near the poles.

Question 9: Bicycle is an ecologically friendly form of ________.

Question 10: Companies are moving into _______ the natural resources of the area.

Question 11: They are looking at ways of reducing the waste of _______.

Question 12: Better public transport would help ease traffic _______.

Question 13: Excessive use of ________ car is considered to be the main reason for traffic jams in many cities and that's why the use of public transportation is encouraged.

Question 14: Crude Oil is becoming ________ but its price still remains relatively cheap.

Question 15: Climate change affects global ________ and precipitation patterns, which influences the intensity and, in some cases, the frequency of extreme environmental events.

Exercise 2: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 16 to 20

Global warming is primarily a problem of too much carbon dioxide (CO2) in the (16)_______, which acts as a blanket, trapping heat and warming the planet. As we burn fossil fuels like coal, oil and natural gas for (17)_______ or cut down and burn forests to create pastures and plantations, carbon accumulates and overloads our atmosphere. The carbon we put in the atmosphere today will (18)_______not only our climate future but that of future generations as well. The good news is that, because we as humans caused global warming, we can also do something about it. To avoid this level of warming, large (19)_______such as the United States need to greatly reduce heat-trapping gas emissions by mid century. Delay in taking such action means the prospect of much steeper cuts later if there is any hope of staying below the 3.6°F (2°C) temperature goal. Delayed action is also likely to make it more difficult and costly to not only make these reductions, but also (20) ______ the climate consequences that occur in the meantime.

(Adapted from www.climatehotmap.org)

Exercise 3: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 21 to 25

Experts in climatology and other scientists are becoming extremely concerned about the changes to our climate which are taking place. Admittedly, climate changes have occurred on our planet before. For example, there have been several ice ages or glacial periods.

These climatic changes, however, were different from the modern ones in that they occurred gradually and, as far as we know, naturally. The changes currently being monitored are said to be the result not of natural causes, but of human activity. Furthermore, the rate of change is becoming alarmingly rapid.

The major problem is that the planet appears to be warming up. According to some experts, this warming process, known as global warming, is occurring at a rate unprecedented in the last 10,000 years. The implications for the planet are very serious. Rising global temperatures could give rise to such ecological disasters as extremely high increases in the incidence of flooding and of droughts. These in turn could have a harmful effect on agriculture.

It is thought that this unusual warming of the Earth has been caused by so-called greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, being emitted into the atmosphere by car engines and modern industrial processes, for example. Such gases not only add to the pollution of the atmosphere, but also create a greenhouse effect, by which the heat of the sun is trapped. This leads to the warming up of the planet.

Politicians are also concerned about climate change and there are now regular summits on the subject, attended by representatives from around 180 of the world’s industrialized countries. Of these summits, the most important took place in Kyoto in Japan in 1997. There it was agreed that the most industrialized countries would try to reduce the volume of greenhouse gas emissions and were given targets for this reduction of emissions.

It was also suggested that more forests should be planted to create so-called sinks to absorb greenhouse gases. At least part of the problem of rapid climate change has been caused by too drastic deforestation.

Sadly, the targets are not being met. Even more sadly, global warnings about climate changes are often still being regarded as scaremongering.

(From Read and Understand 2 by Betty Kirkpatrick & Rebecca Mok) 

Question 21. According to the passage, in what way did the climate changes in the ice ages differ from the modern ones?

A. They occurred naturally over a long period of time.

B. They were fully monitored by humans. 

C. They were wholly the result of human activity.

D. They were partly intended.

Question 22. The word “drastic” in paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to ______.

A. widespread B. severe

C. obvious D. hard

Question 23. According to the passage, agriculture could ______.

A. give rise to many ecological disasters

B. make the global warming more serious 

C. be indirectly affected by the global temperature rises 

D. be directly damaged by the rises in global temperature

Question 24. The word “There” in paragraph 5 refers to ______. 

A. regular summits on climate change B. the 1997 summit in Kyoto, Japan 

C. the world’s industrialised countries D. the most industrialised countries 

Question 25. Which of the following is NOT true, according to the passage? 

A. The so-called sinks created by forests can absorb greenhouse gases. 

B. Politicians are among those who are concerned about climate change. 

C. The problem of rapid climate change has been caused mainly by deforestation. 

D. Carbon dioxide is one of the gases that may cause the so-called greenhouse effect.

Từ vựng mở rộng từ vựng chủ đề Energy and Global warming

Thành ngữ (Idioms) 

Cụm động từ (Phrasal verbs)

Bài tập kiểm tra từ vựng chủ đề Energy and Global warming

Exercise 1: Match the correct meanings of the following words/phrases

Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks with corrects words that have the following meanings

Bài tập vận dụng từ vựng chủ đề Energy and Global warming

Exercise 1: Mark the letter A, B, C. or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Question 1: For the homeless, private medical care is simply out of the question.
A. possible B. impossible

C. achievable D. feasible

Question 2: She experienced sickness, loss, and betrayal all at once.

A. simultaneously B. occasionally

C. separately D. dividedly

Question 3: A journalist all his life, he's now brought out a book.

A. declared B. disclosed

C. reported   D. published

Question 4: What brought about the change in his attitude?

A. effected B. affected

C. caused D. introduced

Question 5: It was a difficult task but we brought it off.

A. failed B. succeeded

C. abandoned D. aborted

Exercise 2: Mark the letter A, B, C. or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Question 6: The child was saved from the kidnappers at the eleventh hour.
A. almost too late B. at the last possible moment

C. very soon D. only just in time

Question 7: I was disappointed whenever the cook found fault with my work.

A. looked for mistake B. complained

C. criticized D. approved

Question 8: The children like to make believe that they live in a castle.

A. live in reality B. fantasize

C. act as if D. imagine

Question 9: We aim to bring down prices on all our computers.

A. reduce B. decrease C. decline D. raise

Question 10: Your article brought back sad memories for me. 

A. forgot B. recalled C. thought about D. retrieved

Exercise 3: Fill in the blanks with the most suitable phrasal verbs 

Question 11: Ms. Norah brings me a lot _______ English literature. 

A.  up B. on C.  forth D.  together

Question 12: The latest budget reforms are intended to bring _______ the level of inflation.

A. round  B. together   C.  down D. forth  

Question 13: I don’t know how, but he managed to bring _______ the deal which was really difficult.

A. up B. on C. along D. off

Question 14: The smell of the magnolia brought ________ sweet memories of my childhood. 

A. about B. back C. down D. off 

Question 15: The collapse of the gold standard brought ________ much of the economic turmoil of that era.

A. down B. about C. on D.  up

Question 16: He is totally dedicated and brings ________ the best in his pupils.

A. out B.  up C. round D. around 

Question 17: Against all expectations, the accused managed to bring ________ convincing evidence of his innocence.

A. around B. round C. on D. forth

Question 18: I brought my uncle ________ to the party.

A. off   B. up C. along D. on

Question 19: She was opposed to the new housing development, but we eventually brought her _______.

A. round B. up C. on D. together

Question 20: She did well enough bringing _______ two sons and a daughter on her own.

A. forth  B. up C. off D. forward  

Đáp án

Từ vựng nâng cao

Exercise 1

1. C

2. H

3. D

4. J

5. F

6. I

7. A

8. G

9. B

10. E

Exercise 2

1. Global warming

2. Transportation

3. Greenhouse effect

4. Climate change

5. Depletion

6. Deplete

7. Carbon footprint

8. Tackle

Bài tập vận dụng

1. D

2. C

3. D

4. B

5. C

6. B

7. B

8. A

9. A

10. B

11. D

12. C

13. A

14. A

15. C

16. A

17. C

18. B

19. C

20. D

21. A

22. B

23. C

24. B

25. C

Từ vựng mở rộng

Exercise 1

1. E

2. F

3. D

4. I

5. G

6. H

7. A

8. J

9. C

10. B

Exercise 2

1. Find fault with

2. Be out of the question

3. Make believe

4. At the eleventh hour

5. All at once

Bài tập vận dụng

1. B

2. A

3. D

4. C

5. B

6. C

7. D

8. A

9. D

10. A

11. B

12. C

13. D

14. B

15. B

16. A

17. D

18. C

19. A

20. B
    

Tổng kết

Trên đây là những từ vựng tiếng Anh luyện thi THPT Quốc gia trình độ nâng cao và mở rộng chủ đề Energy and Global warming hy vọng người học có thể áp dụng vào bài thi của mình.

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