Từ vựng tiếng Anh luyện thi THPT Quốc gia nâng cao và mở rộng - Topic: People and relationship

Đây là series bài viết giới thiệu những từ vựng tiếng Anh luyện thi THPT Quốc gia trình độ nâng cao và mở rộng giúp người học tối ưu số điểm của mình. Bài viết sẽ đem đến những từ vựng chủ đề People and relationship (Con người và mối quan hệ) kèm theo bài tập vận dụng vào bài thi THPT Quốc gia môn tiếng Anh.

Những từ vựng tiếng Anh luyện thi THPT Quốc gia nâng cao chủ đề People and Relationship

Các collocations cần chú ý:

• Lend an ear: Biết lắng nghe và cảm thông cho ai đó

• Give a hand: Giúp đỡ ai đó

Bài tập kiểm tra nghĩa từ vựng chủ đề People and Relationship

Exercise 1: Match the correct meanings of the following words/phrases

Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks with corrects words that have the following meanings

Bài tập vận dụng từ vựng chủ đề People and Relationship

Exercise 1: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 1: There will be consequences if children cross the ______ that their parents set. 

Question 2: Modern workers nowadays attempt to ______ a balance between their work and family life. 

Question 3: Children who experience parental ______ show higher risk of childhood depression. 

Question 4: She keeps holding a firm ______ that being strict with her child is the right thing to do.

Question 5: He ______my trust twice, so I no longer believe in him.

Question 6: Children from single-parent homes might develop a better sense of ______ and responsibility.

Question 7:  I can only ______ in my mom since she is trustworthy and she is also a good listener.  

Question 8: He suffered from severe ______ after the conflict with his parents.

Question 9: Living in a happy family gives children a wonderful sense of emotional ______.

Question 10: To become a police officer, you must learn to take ______ action in an emergency. 

Exercise 2: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 11 to 15

FRIENDSHIP

Psychologists have long known that having a set of cherished (11) ______ is crucial to mental well-being. A recent study by Australian investigators concluded that our friends even help to prolong our lives. The study concentrated on the social environment, general health, and lifestyle of 1,477 persons older than 70 years. The participants were asked how much contact they had with friends, children, relatives and (12) ______. Researchers were surprised to learn that friendships increased life (13) ______ to a far greater extent than frequent contact with children and other relatives. This benefit held true even after these friends had moved away to another city and was independent of factors such as socioeconomic status, health, and way of life. According to scientists, the ability to have relationships with people to whom one is important has a positive effect on the feeling of (14) ______. Stress and tendency towards (15) ______ are reduced, and behaviours that are damaging to health, such as smoking and drinking, occur less frequently. Moreover, our support networks, in times of calamity in particular, can raise our moods and feelings of self-worth and offer helpful strategies for dealing with difficult personal challenges.

Exercise 3: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 16 to 20.

Having a best friend to confide in can bring a positive effect on our emotional health. An evening out with the closest friend may be the best guarantee of a good time. In fact, our best friend can prevent us from developing serious psychological problems such as depression and anxiety.

Best friendship evolves with time - we cannot go out and pick our best friend. We become friends with people who share common interests – at school or through hobbies, for example.

Best friends have usually known each other for years and stuck together through good and bad times. If you haven't got one, perhaps you are being too distant from people, or focusing too much on your work.

Question 16: A best friend can ________.

1. give us a healthy life 

2. go out with us in the evening

3. spend much time finding 

4. share joy and sadness with us

Question 17: Close friends need to ________.

1. study at the same school 

2. have the same interests

3. pursue the same hobbies 

4. spend time together

Question 18: According to the passage, ________.

1. it takes a lot of time to make close friendships

2. we can go out and choose a good friend easily

3. best friends have good and bad times

4. It’s very difficult to make lasting friendships

Question 19: The word 'one' in the last paragraph refers to ________.

1. good time

2. bad time 

3. a friendship

4. a close friend

Question 20:  Which of the following sentences is not mentioned?

1. We often have satisfaction being with a close friend.

2. The ties of close friendship will never be broken.

3. An unsociable person may not have a close friend.

4. Friendships need time to develop.

Đáp án

Bài tập kiểm tra từ

Exercise 1

1. E

2. H

3. B

4. A

5. C

6. G

7. F

8. D

Exercise 2

1. Break-up

2. Reconcile

3. Boundary

4. Companion

5. Believe

6. Confide in

7. Decisive

8. Give a hand

9. Depression

Bài tập vận dụng

Exercise 1

1. B

2. C

3. C

4. A

5. B

6. B

7. A

8. D

9. B

10. C

Exercise 2

11. A

12. B

13. A

14. D

15. A

Exercise 3

16. D

17. B

18. A

19. D

20. B

Những từ vựng tiếng Anh luyện thi THPT Quốc gia mở rộng chủ đề People and Relationship

Thành ngữ (Idioms) 

Hit the books

Ý nghĩa: Bắt tay vào việc học tập một cách chăm chỉ, nghiêm túc (thường là để phục vụ cho một kỳ thi)

Ví dụ:

I have an important exam this week, so I have to hit the books tonight.

Hit the nail on the head

Ý nghĩa: Nói một điều hoàn toàn chính xác, đúng với sự thật

Ví dụ: I think Peter hit the nail on the head when he said that Billy would be the winner of this competition.

Head and shoulder above

Ý nghĩa: Tốt hơn, vượt trội hơn hẳn những người khác hoặc cái khác

Ví dụ: In terms of language skill, he is head and shoulder above other candidates in the interview.

Down in the dumps

Ý nghĩa: Cảm thấy không vui

Ví dụ: She was down in the dumps because she didn't get a good result in her final exam at school.

Not somebody’s cup of tea

Ý nghĩa: Không phải là thứ mà một người cảm thấy thích

Ví dụ: Going traveling a far distance is not my cup of tea since I can easily get car sick.

Cụm động từ (phrasal verbs)

Catch at something

Ý nghĩa: Chạm, nắm lấy, bắt lấy cái gì đó (khi nó đi qua)

Ví dụ: He caught at her arm as she tried to move away.

Anh ấy bắt lấy cánh tay của cô khi cô cố gắng di chuyển ra xa.

Catch on

Ý nghĩa: Trở nên phổ biến, trở thành mốt

Ví dụ: This trend will soon catch on with young people.

Xu hướng này sẽ sớm trở nên phổ biến với giới trẻ.

Catch on (to something)

Ý nghĩa: Hiểu được, hiểu ra vấn đề

Ví dụ: He slowly caught on to what I am saying about computer technology.

Anh ấy chậm hiểu những gì tôi đang nói về công nghệ máy tính.

Catch somebody out

Ý nghĩa:

• Chứng minh, chỉ ra rằng ai đó đang làm sai, đang nói dối hoặc bắt lỗi ai đó

• Làm cho bất ngờ, đặt ai đó vào tình huống khó khăn

Ví dụ:

• I suspected he wasn't telling me the truth, and one day I will catch him out. (Tôi nghi ngờ anh ta đã không nói sự thật cho tôi, và một ngày nào đó tôi sẽ bắt được anh ta)

• Many people were caught out by the sudden change in the weather while they were climbing the mountain. (Nhiều người đã bị bất ngờ làm khó do thời tiết thay đổi đột ngột khi đang leo núi.)

Catch up on something

Ý nghĩa:

• Dành thêm thời gian làm bù việc gì mà trước đó chưa làm được

• Tìm hiểu thông tin, những việc xảy ra hoặc bàn luận sự việc, tin tức mới cập nhật

Ví dụ: Having been sick for nearly two weeks, I have a lot of work to catch up on now.

Bị bệnh gần hai tuần rồi, giờ tôi còn rất nhiều việc phải bắt tay vào làm cho kịp.

Catch up with somebody

Ý nghĩa:

• Nói chuyện, trao đổi với ai đó (trực tiếp hoặc qua điện thoại, tin nhắn) để biết tình hình cuộc sống của họ

• Đuổi theo để bắt kịp ai đó đi phía trước (nghĩa đen), hoặc theo kịp, đạt được chất lượng hoặc trình độ tương tự của ai đó, cái gì đó (nghĩa bóng)

Ví dụ:

• She spent hours on the phone, catching up with some of her old friends. (Cô ấy đã dành ra hàng giờ bắt chuyện qua điện thoại với một số người bạn cũ của cô ấy.)

• She is walking really fast, and I couldn’t catch up with her. (Cô ấy đang đi rất nhanh và tôi không thể bắt kịp cô ấy.)

Bài tập kiểm nghĩa tra nghĩa từ vựng chủ đề People and Relationship

Exercise 1: Match the correct meanings of the following words/phrases

Bài tập vận dụng từ vựng chủ đề People and Relationship

Exercise 1: Mark the letter A, B, C. or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Question 1: He is preparing for the university entrance examination, so recently he has gone to bed late to hit the books.

Question 2: Although she has migrated to Australia, we still catch up with each other on social networking sites.

Question 3: Vitamin supplements have caught on during the pandemic as consumers want to strengthen their immune system.

Question 4: Johnson invited me to his football team but I refused. Playing sports is not really my cup of tea.  

Exercise 2: Mark the letter A, B, C. or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Question 5: I usually cook my favorite dish to cheer myself up when I'm down in the dumps.

Question 6: Although Jimmy hasn’t seen Anna before, he still hit the nail on the head about her age when he chatted with her on the internet.

Question 7: He was praised for quickly catching on the principles of this system and applying them well in his work

Question 8: This newly released smartphone is head and shoulder above the last-year version. 

Exercise 3: Fill in the blanks with the most suitable phrasal verbs 

Question 9: The police suspect him of obtaining money by deception, so they have followed him for months hoping to catch him ______. 

Question 10: One of my former colleagues visited me yesterday and we spent some time ______ each other's work and families.

Question 11:  He raises his hand to catch ______ something that flies near his face.

Question 12: She didn't catch ______ that we were joking, so she got angry.

Question 13: People living under the poverty line can hardly ______ the latest innovations in technology. 

Question 14: I was fully occupied with homework and assignment last weekend, so this week I decided to ______ a bit of reading.

Đáp án

Bài tập kiểm tra từ

Exercise 1

1. C

2. B

3. A

4. E

5. D

6. E

7. C

8. B

9. D

10. A

Bài tập vận dụng

Exercise 1

1. B

2. A

3. D

4. B

Exercise 2

5. A

6. B

7. C

8. A

Exercise 3

9. D

10. C

11. A

12. D

13. A

14. B

Tổng kết

Trên đây là những từ vựng tiếng Anh luyện thi THPT Quốc gia trình độ nâng cao và mở rộng chủ đề People and relationship, hy vọng người học có thể áp dụng vào bài thi của mình.

Đọc thêm: Từ vựng tiếng Anh luyện thi THPT Quốc gia trình độ cơ bản - Topic: People and relationship