Problem and Solution Essay Sample - Bài mẫu kèm từ vựng

Problem and Solution Essay là một trong những dạng bài thường hay xuất hiện trong đề thi IELTS Writing Task 2. Đề bài sẽ yêu cầu thí sinh đưa ra nguyên nhân và giải pháp cho một vấn đề nào đó mang tính nghị luận trong xã hội. Do đó, thí sinh có thể gặp khó khăn nếu không tìm được ý tưởng. Bài viết sau sẽ gợi ý bài mẫu cho 5 đề thi IELTS Writing Task 2 đã xuất hiện trong năm 2023-2024.

Các bài mẫu sau được tác giả triển khai theo cấu trúc P.I.E (Point - Illustration - Explanation). Người học tham khảo thêm cấu trúc P.I.E tại bài viết:

• Cấu trúc đoạn văn P.I.E là gì? Ứng dụng vào IELTS Writing Task 2

Problem and Solution Essay Sample – #01

In some countries, crime rates are increasing. What are the causes of this problem? What can be done about it?

In recent years, many countries have grappled with a troubling trend: an increase in crime rates. This surge in criminal activity poses significant threats to societal well-being and safety. This essay will examine two primary causes of this issue and suggest two corresponding solutions.

The first significant contributor to rising crime rates is socioeconomic inequality. In impoverished areas, lack of economic opportunity can drive individuals to turn to crime as a means of survival. For instance, in neighborhoods with high levels of poverty, individuals may resort to theft, robbery, or drug trafficking to meet their basic needs. Moreover, the absence of adequate support systems perpetuates this cycle of disadvantage, making it challenging for individuals to break free from criminal activities. Another critical factor fueling the increase in crime is the widespread availability of drugs and firearms. The easy accessibility of illicit substances and weapons escalates criminal behavior, leading to a surge in related crimes such as violence and organized crime.

To address these challenges, governments must adopt comprehensive strategies. One approach involves tackling socioeconomic inequality through targeted interventions. Investing in education, job creation programs, and social welfare initiatives can empower individuals and communities, providing viable alternatives to a life of crime. Furthermore, strengthening law enforcement and implementing stricter regulations on the trafficking of drugs and firearms are crucial measures in combating crime. This entails not only increasing police presence but also enhancing the effectiveness of judicial systems to ensure swift and fair justice.

In conclusion, the increase in crime rates is a complex issue with socioeconomic inequality and accessibility to illicit substances and weapons at its core. However, by implementing targeted solutions such as poverty alleviation programs and enhanced law enforcement measures, societies can effectively address these challenges and create safer environments for all citizens. It is imperative that governments and communities work together to tackle the root causes of crime and build a more secure and prosperous future.

Từ vựng cần lưu ý:

• grapple (verb) /ˈɡræpəl/: vật lộn

• socioeconomic (adjective) /ˌsoʊsioʊˌiːkəˈnɑmɪk/: kinh tế xã hội

• inequality (noun) /ɪnɪˈkwɑləti/: sự bất bình đẳng

• resort to (phrasal verb) /rɪˈzɔrt tuː/: chuyển hướng tới, phải dùng đến

• perpetuate (verb) /pərˈpɛtʃuˌeɪt/: duy trì, làm cho tiếp tục tồn tại

• illicit (adjective) /ɪˈlɪsɪt/: bất hợp pháp

• comprehensive (adjective) /ˌkɑmprɪˈhɛnsɪv/: toàn diện

• enforcement (noun) /ɪnˈfɔrsmənt/: sự thi hành, sự thực thi

• trafficking (noun) /ˈtræfɪkɪŋ/: buôn bán, mua bán trái phép

• firearms (noun) /ˈfaɪərˌɑrmz/: vũ khí, súng

Problem and Solution Essay Sample – #02

In recent times, many people are making the decision to live alone. What are the causes of this? What can be done to solve this problem?

In recent times, there has been a noticeable trend of individuals choosing to live alone. This phenomenon raises questions about the underlying causes and potential solutions to address the challenges it presents. This essay aims to explore the reasons behind the increasing prevalence of solo living and propose strategies to mitigate its potential negative impacts.

One significant issue associated with this phenomenon is the potential for social isolation. Living alone can lead to a lack of daily interaction, hindering the development of strong social bonds and potentially fostering feelings of loneliness and detachment. This can have a detrimental impact on mental well-being, especially for vulnerable individuals. Furthermore, the financial burden of living solely can be substantial. Renting or maintaining a single dwelling often comes with higher costs compared to shared living arrangements. This can be particularly challenging for young adults starting their careers or individuals with limited income.

Combating these issues requires a multi-pronged approach. Firstly, fostering a culture of community engagement is crucial. Encouraging participation in local clubs, volunteering initiatives, or even co-working spaces can provide opportunities for individuals to connect and build meaningful relationships. Secondly, the  housing market needs to adapt to the growing trend of solo living.  Policymakers and developers could incentivize the construction of smaller, more affordable apartments suitable for single occupants. Additionally, promoting co-living arrangements, where individuals share common areas while maintaining private spaces, could offer a cost-effective and socially enriching alternative.

While the rise of solo living presents challenges related to social isolation and financial strain, it is not inherently a negative trend. By fostering community engagement and promoting the development of suitable housing options, society can ensure that individuals who choose to live alone can thrive while maintaining a sense of belonging and connection.

Từ vựng cần lưu ý:

• noticeable (adjective) /ˈnoʊtɪsəbəl/: đáng chú ý

• prevalence (noun) /ˈprɛvələns/: sự phổ biến

• detachment (noun) /dɪˈtætʃmənt/: sự cách biệt

• substantial (adjective) /səbˈstænʃəl/: đáng kể

• dwelling (noun) /ˈdwɛlɪŋ/: nơi ở

• multi-pronged (adjective) /ˌmʌlti ˈprɔŋd/: đa chiều

• occupants (noun) /ˈɑkjəpənts/: những người cư trú

• cost-effective (adjective) /ˈkɔst ɪˈfɛktɪv/: tiết kiệm chi phí

Problem and Solution Essay Sample – #03

Today, many people do not know their neighbors. What problems does this cause? What can be done about this?

In modern society, a growing number of individuals find themselves disconnected from their neighbors, leading to a range of problems. This essay will discuss the repercussions of this lack of neighborly interaction and propose potential solutions to address the issue.

The decline in neighborly relationships has resulted in several negative consequences. Firstly, the absence of strong community ties can lead to feelings of isolation and loneliness among residents. Without a support network of nearby neighbors, individuals may struggle to find companionship and assistance in times of need. Furthermore, the breakdown of neighborly connections can have implications for neighborhood safety and security. In neighborhoods where residents are unfamiliar with one another, there is a lack of collective vigilance and mutual support. 

To combat the problems associated with the lack of neighborly interaction, several strategies can be implemented. Firstly, community-building initiatives should be promoted to encourage residents to connect with their neighbors. This could involve organizing neighborhood events such as block parties, potlucks, or community clean-up days, providing opportunities for residents to meet and interact with one another in a relaxed and informal setting. Additionally, local governments and community organizations can play a role in facilitating neighborly connections through the provision of communal spaces and resources. Creating community gardens, shared recreational areas, or neighborhood watch programs can foster a sense of belonging and cooperation among residents, strengthening social bonds and promoting a sense of community.

In conclusion, the decline in neighborly relationships poses significant challenges for individuals and communities alike, including feelings of isolation, diminished safety, and security concerns. However, by fostering a sense of community and promoting neighborly interaction through targeted initiatives and support from local authorities, societies can overcome these challenges and create more cohesive and vibrant neighborhoods where residents feel connected and supported by those around them.

Từ vựng cần lưu ý:

• repercussions (noun) /ˌriː.pɚˈkʌʃ.ənz/: hậu quả, tác động

• implications (noun) /ˌɪm.plɪˈkeɪ.ʃənz/: hệ quả, ý nghĩa

• collective (adjective) /kəˈlɛktɪv/: tập thể, toàn thể

• vigilance (noun) /ˈvɪdʒ.əl.əns/: sự cảnh giác, sự đề phòng

• initiatives (noun) /ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪvz/: sáng kiến

• potlucks (noun) /ˈpɑt.lʌk/: bữa tiệc mỗi người mang một món

• provision (noun) /prəˈvɪʒ.ən/: sự cung cấp, sự chuẩn bị

Problem and Solution Essay Sample – #04

Many students around the world don’t choose science subjects at university. Give the reasons for this and suggest the solutions for this problem.

In universities worldwide, a notable proportion of students opt out of pursuing science subjects, raising concerns about the reasons behind this trend and potential solutions to address it. This essay will delve into the factors contributing to the reluctance of students to choose science disciplines and propose strategies to encourage greater engagement with these subjects.

One primary reason for this trend is the inherent difficulty associated with science disciplines. Science subjects often require a strong foundation in mathematics and critical thinking skills, which can be intimidating for students. The perceived workload coupled with the pressure to excel in standardized tests can steer students towards subjects perceived as less demanding. Furthermore, career prospects in certain scientific fields might not hold the same allure as other professions. This perception, and the often-lengthy postgraduate studies required for specialized scientific research positions, can dissuade students from pursuing science degrees.

To address this issue, a multi-pronged approach is necessary. Firstly, revamping science education at the primary and secondary levels is crucial.  Encouraging a more interactive and engaging learning environment,  where scientific concepts are demonstrably applied to real-world situations, can spark curiosity and foster a genuine interest in the subject. Secondly, universities can play a pivotal role in bridging the gap between academics and career opportunities.  Providing clear information about the diverse career paths stemming from science degrees, along with mentorship programs connecting students with successful scientists, can dispel misconceptions and paint a realistic picture of the exciting possibilities within scientific fields.

The decline in student enrollment in science programs presents a significant challenge for the future of scientific advancement. By implementing engaging teaching methods at the school level and providing effective career guidance at the university level, we can rekindle the passion for science in students and ensure a workforce of future innovators and researchers.

Từ vựng cần lưu ý:

• notable (adjective) /ˈnoʊtəbl/: đáng chú ý

• reluctance (noun) /rɪˈlʌktəns/: sự miễn cưỡng

• intimidating (adjective) /ɪnˈtɪmɪˌdeɪtɪŋ/: đáng sợ

• often-lengthy (adjective) /ˈɔfən-ˈlɛŋθi/: thường kéo dài

• dissuade (verb) /dɪˈsweɪd/: làm nản lòng

• multi-pronged (adjective) /ˌmʌlti ˈprɔŋd/: đa chiều

• revamping (noun) /ˈriːˌvæmpɪŋ/: sự cải tổ

• rekindle (verb) /rɪˈkɪndəl/: làm sôi động lại

Problem and Solution Essay Sample – #05

Many people think there is an increase of antisocial behavior and a lack of respect to others. What do you think are the causes of this and how to improve the situation?

The perceived increase in antisocial behavior and lack of respect towards others is a concerning trend in contemporary society, stemming from various underlying factors. This essay will discuss the causes of this phenomenon and propose strategies to address and improve the situation.

One significant cause of this phenomenon lies in the potential breakdown of traditional family structures and the decline of strong social support systems. Weakening family bonds and a lack of parental guidance can hinder the development of essential social skills and a strong moral compass in young individuals. This, in turn, can manifest as disrespectful behavior and a disregard for societal norms. Furthermore, the pervasive influence of  social media  cannot be overlooked. Online anonymity can embolden individuals to engage in antisocial behavior without facing immediate consequences.  Exposure to a constant barrage of negativity and hostility online can desensitize individuals, normalizing a lack of civility in real-world interactions.

Combating these issues requires a multi-faceted approach.  Firstly, strengthening the foundation of social values is crucial.  Parents and caregivers need to prioritize instilling respect, empathy, and responsibility in children.  Encouraging open communication and fostering a supportive family environment can equip youngsters with the social skills necessary to navigate the complexities of social interactions. Secondly, addressing the negative aspects of social media is essential.  Promoting responsible online behavior through educational campaigns and fostering a culture of online accountability can help curb the spread of negativity and encourage respectful online interactions.   

The rise in antisocial behavior and disrespect necessitates a collective effort.  By strengthening family structures, promoting social and emotional learning, and fostering responsible online behavior, we can cultivate a more civil and respectful society.  Prioritizing these measures will ensure that individuals not only understand the importance of mutual respect but also actively practice it in their daily interactions.

Từ vựng cần lưu ý:

• manifest (verb) /ˈmænɪˌfɛst/: biểu lộ, thể hiện rõ ràng

• disregard (noun) /ˌdɪs.rɪˈɡɑrd/: sự không chú ý, sự không coi trọng

• anonymity (noun) /ˌænəˈnɪməti/: sự vô danh, sự ẩn danh

• barrage (noun) /bəˈrɑʒ/: một loạt

• desensitize (verb) /ˌdiːˈsɛnsɪˌtaɪz/: làm mất cảm giác

• complexity (noun) /kəmˈplɛksəti/: sự phức tạp, sự rắc rối

• necessitate (verb) /nəˈsɛsɪˌteɪt/: làm cần thiết, đòi hỏi

Trên đây là bài viết cung cấp 5 bài mẫu dạng Problem and Solution Essay trong IELTS Writing Task 2, hy vọng người học đã có thêm nhiều ý tưởng cho bài viết của mình. Bên cạnh đó, người học có thể tham khảo sách Understanding Ideas for IELTS Writing để trau dồi thêm ý tưởng cho phần thi này.

Ngoài ra, người học có thể đọc thêm các bài viết cùng chuyên mục:

• Cách viết dạng bài Problem and Solution Essay trong IELTS Writing Task 2

• Từ và cụm từ dùng để diễn đạt nguyên nhân, ảnh hưởng và giải pháp trong IELTS Writing Task 2

• Tổng hợp 32 bài mẫu IELTS Writing Task 2 band 7

Trích dẫn

Pell, Christopher. “IELTS Writing Task 2 Problem and Solution Essay Lesson.” Problem Solution Essay Sample IELTS Advantage, 5 Nov. 2022, www.ieltsadvantage.com/2015/05/08/ielts-problem-and-solution/. Accessed 6 Mar. 2024.