Bài tập viết lại câu trong bài thi tiếng Anh vào 10 kèm đáp án

Trong bài thi tiếng Anh vào lớp 10, một trong những phần quan trọng giúp thí sinh thể hiện khả năng ngữ pháp và từ vựng của mình chính là bài tập viết lại câu. Bài viết này sẽ tổng hợp các dạng bài viết lại câu thường gặp và cung cấp bài tập thực hành để thí sinh có thể rèn luyện.

Tổng hợp các dạng bài viết lại câu trong bài thi tiếng Anh vào 10

1. It takes/took sb + time + to do sth = Sb spends/spent + time + doing sth

Ý nghĩa: Cả hai cấu trúc này đều dùng để nói về việc ai đó mất bao nhiêu thời gian để làm một việc gì đó. Câu đầu dùng “It” làm chủ ngữ giả. Câu thứ hai đưa “somebody” làm chủ ngữ thật.

Ví dụ: It took him 5 minutes to finish his task. (Nó tốn của anh ấy 5 phút để hoàn thành nhiệm vụ.)

→ He spent 5 minutes finishing his task. (Anh ấy dành 5 phút để hoàn thành nhiệm vụ.)

Phân tích:

• “It took him...” chuyển thành “He spent...”

• “to finish his task” chuyển thành “finishing his task” (to V ➝ V-ing)

Lưu ý:

• Sau “spend” luôn phải dùng V-ing, không dùng “to V”.

• Không viết: “He spent 5 minutes to finish his task”.

2. Because + mệnh đề (S + V) = Because of + danh từ / V-ing

Ý nghĩa: Cả hai cấu trúc đều chỉ nguyên nhân. Tuy nhiên:

• “Because” dùng trước một mệnh đề (có chủ ngữ + động từ).

• “Because of” chỉ đi với danh từ hoặc cụm V-ing (không có chủ ngữ riêng).

Ví dụ: He didn’t attend the meeting because he was sick. (Anh ấy không tham dự cuộc họp vì anh ấy bị ốm.)

→ He didn’t attend the meeting because of his sickness.

→ He didn’t attend the meeting because of being sick.

Phân tích:

• “because he was sick” ➝ “because of his sickness” (danh từ)

• “because he was sick” ➝ “because of being sick” (V-ing)

Lưu ý

• Không viết: “Because of he was sick” vì “because of” không đi với mệnh đề.

• Nếu không biết danh từ của tính từ đấy là gì (ví dụ: sick ➝ sickness), có thể dùng “being + adj” (ví dụ: sick ➝ being sick) để thay thế.

3. Although + mệnh đề (S + V) = Despite / In spite of + danh từ / V-ing

Ý nghĩa: Dùng để chỉ sự tương phản – tức là hai vế câu trái ngược nhau.

• “Although” đi với một mệnh đề đầy đủ.

• “Despite” hoặc “In spite of” đi với danh từ hoặc cụm V-ing.

Ví dụ: Although he was tired, he finished the project. (Mặc dù anh ấy mệt, anh ấy vẫn hoàn thành dự án.)

→ Despite his tiredness, he finished the project.

→ In spite of being tired, he finished the project.

Phân tích

• “he was tired” ➝ “his tiredness” (chuyển thành danh từ)

• “he was tired” ➝ “being tired” (chuyển thành V-ing)

Lưu ý:

• Không được viết: “Despite he was tired”.

• “Despite” và “In spite of” có thể thay thế cho nhau, nghĩa như nhau.

• Có thể dùng cấu trúc “the fact that” (ví dụ: although he was tired → despite the fact that he was tired).

4. Hardly had + S + V3/V-ed + when + S + V (quá khứ đơn) = No sooner had + S + V3/V-ed + than + S + V (quá khứ đơn)

Ý nghĩa: Dùng để nói rằng ngay khi một hành động vừa mới xảy ra xong thì một hành động khác xảy ra liền ngay sau đó.

Ví dụ: Hardly had I sat down when the phone rang. (Tôi vừa ngồi xuống thì điện thoại reo.)

→ No sooner had I sat down than the phone rang.

Phân tích

• “Hardly ... when” chuyển thành “No sooner ... than”

• Cấu trúc còn lại giữ nguyên: “had + V3” ở vế 1, và quá khứ đơn ở vế 2.

Lưu ý

• Không dùng “than” với “Hardly”

• Không dùng “when” với “No sooner”

• Đây là cấu trúc có tính đảo ngữ, bắt đầu bằng trạng từ (Hardly/No sooner), nên động từ “had” đứng trước chủ ngữ.

Xem thêm:

• Tổng hợp kiến thức tiếng Anh lớp 9 thi vào 10

• Sách ôn thi tiếng Anh vào 10

Bài tập

Bài 1: Viết lại câu theo yêu cầu

1. It took him 10 minutes to finish his homework.
   → He spent _______________.

2. It took her 30 minutes every day to go jogging.
   → She spent _______________.

3. He didn’t attend the meeting because he was sick.
   → He didn’t attend the meeting _______________.

4. Although he was tired, he continued working.
   → Despite _______________.

5. Although the test was difficult, the students still completed it.
   → In spite of _______________.

6. They arrived late because the traffic was terrible.
   → They arrived late _________________________.

7. The match was canceled because the weather was bad.
   → The match was canceled _________________________.

8. It took me a whole day to finish the book.
   → I _________________________________.

9. He would rather watch a movie than read a book.
   → He prefers _______________.

10. He can play the guitar very well.
    → He is _______________.

11. Hardly had I finished my meal when the phone rang.
    → No sooner _______________.

12. He had just finished his homework when his friend called.
    → No sooner __________________________________.

13. It took them 2 hours to clean the house.
    → They _________________________________.

14. The bell rang right after I sat down.
    → Hardly ____________________________________.

15. The children couldn’t sleep because of the noise.
    → The children couldn’t sleep _________________________.

Bài 2: Hoàn thành câu thứ hai sao cho có nghĩa giống câu thứ nhất

1. It took her 20 minutes to drive to school. (SPENT)
   → She _____________________________________________.

2. He didn’t go to school because he had a fever. (BECAUSE OF)
   → He didn’t go to school ______________________________.

3. Although he was hungry, he didn’t eat. (DESPITE)
   → Despite ___________________________________________.

4. Although she tried her best, she didn’t win. (IN SPITE OF)
   → In spite of _________________________________________.

5. I had just turned off the lights when the phone rang. (HARDLY)
   → Hardly ____________________________________________.

6. They had arrived when it started to snow. (NO SOONER)
   → No sooner _________________________________________.

7. It takes me 2 hours to edit the video. (SPEND)
   → I ________________________________________________.

8. We stayed inside because it was raining. (BECAUSE OF)
   → We stayed inside ___________________________________.

9. Although they studied hard, they failed the exam. (DESPITE)
   → Despite ___________________________________________.

10. We had left the restaurant when it started to rain. (HARDLY)
    → Hardly ____________________________________________.

11. He had opened the door when the alarm went off. (NO SOONER)
    → No sooner _________________________________________.

12. It takes my father 30 minutes to water the plants. (SPENDS)
    → My father ________________________________________.

13. She was upset because her friend ignored her. (BECAUSE OF)
    → She was upset _____________________________________.

14. She had stepped outside when she saw a cat. (HARDLY)
    → Hardly ____________________________________________.

15. It took them an hour to solve the problem. (SPENT)
    → They ____________________________________________.

Bài 3: Chọn đáp án đúng

1. It took her 30 minutes to cook dinner.
   A. She spent 30 minutes to cook dinner.
   B. She spent 30 minutes cooking dinner.
   C. She took 30 minutes cooking dinner.
   D. She cooks dinner in 30 minutes.

2. I had just arrived when it started to rain.
   A. No sooner had I arrived than it started to rain.
   B. No sooner I had arrived when it started to rain.
   C. Hardly had I arrived than it started to rain.
   D. Hardly had I arrived when it had started to rain.

3. It took them a week to fix the machine.
   A. They spend a week to fix the machine.
   B. They spent a week fixing the machine.
   C. They took a week fixing the machine.
   D. They spend a week fixing the machine.

4. He had just gone to bed when the doorbell rang.
   A. No sooner had he gone to bed than the doorbell rang.
   B. Hardly had he gone to bed when the doorbell rang.
   C. Both A and B are correct.
   D. Neither A nor B is correct.

5. It took us two days to finish the project.
   A. We spent two days finishing the project.
   B. We spent two days to finish the project.
   C. We took two days finishing the project.
   D. We finishing the project in two days.
   D. The instructions were complicated enough that I couldn’t understand them.

6. She didn’t come to class because she was sick.
   A. She didn’t come to class because of her sick.
   B. She didn’t come to class because of sickness.
   C. She didn’t come to class because of her sickness.
   D. She didn’t come to class because being sick.

7. They canceled the picnic because it rained.
   A. They canceled the picnic because raining.
   B. They canceled the picnic because of the rain.
   C. They canceled the picnic because of rained.
   D. They canceled the picnic because of rainning.

8. He was absent because he had a cold.
   A. He was absent because of his cold.
   B. He was absent because his cold.
   C. He was absent because of he had a cold.
   D. He was absent because of had a cold.

9. I was late because I missed the bus.
   A. I was late because missing the bus.
   B. I was late because of miss the bus.
   C. I was late because of missing the bus.
   D. I was late because of missed the bus.

10. The flight was delayed because the weather was bad.
    A. The flight was delayed because of the bad weather.
    B. The flight was delayed because of the weather bad.
    C. The flight was delayed because bad weather.
    D. The flight was delayed because the weather bad.

11. Although he was tired, he went to work.
    A. Despite of being tired, he went to work.
    B. In spite of tiredness, he went to work.
    C. Despite being tired, he went to work.
    D. In spite of he was tired, he went to work.

12. She had just finished her homework when the lights went out.
    A. No sooner had she finished her homework when the lights went out.
    B. Hardly she had finished her homework when the lights went out.
    C. Hardly had she finished her homework when the lights went out.
    D. No sooner had she finished her homework then the lights went out.

13. Although she studied hard, she didn’t pass.
    A. In spite of she studied hard, she didn’t pass.
    B. Despite of studying hard, she didn’t pass.
    C. In spite of studying hard, she didn’t pass.
    D. Despite her studied hard, she didn’t pass.

14. Although the road was slippery, they drove fast.
    A. Despite the slippery road, they drove fast.
    B. In spite of the road slippery, they drove fast.
    C. Despite of slippery road, they drove fast.
    D. Although slippery road, they drove fast.

15. I had just arrived when it started to rain.
    A. No sooner had I arrived than it started to rain.
    B. No sooner I had arrived when it started to rain.
    C. Hardly had I arrived than it started to rain.
    D. Hardly had I arrived when it had started to rain.

Bài 4: Viết lại câu với Hardly…when và No sooner…than

1. As soon as he arrived home, it started to rain.
   → ____________________________________________
   → ____________________________________________

2. As soon as I closed the door, someone knocked.
   → ____________________________________________
   → ____________________________________________

3. As soon as she left the office, the phone rang.
   → ____________________________________________
   → ____________________________________________

4. As soon as they had finished dinner, they went out.
   → ____________________________________________
   → ____________________________________________

5. He had just sat down when the phone rang.
   → ____________________________________________
   → ____________________________________________

6. I had just gone to bed when I heard a noise.
   → ____________________________________________
   → ____________________________________________

7. We had just started eating when the lights went out.
   → ____________________________________________
   → ____________________________________________

8. The teacher came in and the students stood up immediately.
   → ____________________________________________
   → ____________________________________________

9. I put the phone down and it rang again.
   → ____________________________________________
   → ____________________________________________

10. He entered the room and the lights went off.
    → ____________________________________________
    → ____________________________________________

11. They walked into the cinema and the movie began.
    → ____________________________________________
    → ____________________________________________

12. I stepped out of the house and it began to snow.
    → ____________________________________________
    → ____________________________________________

13. I turned on the TV and the power cut.
    → ____________________________________________
    → ____________________________________________

14. He left the house and the police arrived.
    → ____________________________________________
    → ____________________________________________

15. She finished her presentation and the audience clapped loudly.
    → ____________________________________________
    → ____________________________________________

Bài 5: Chọn đáp án đúng với dạng câu because/because of/in spite of/despite

1. He was late because he missed the bus.
   A. He was late because of he missed the bus.
   B. He was late because of missing the bus.
   C. He was late in spite of missing the bus.
   D. He was late despite he missed the bus.

2. She didn’t go out because it was raining.
   A. She didn’t go out because of it was raining.
   B. She didn’t go out in spite of the rain.
   C. She didn’t go out because of the rain.
   D. She didn’t go out despite the rain was falling.

3. Despite being tired, he finished the work.
   A. Because he was tired, he finished the work.
   B. In spite of he was tired, he finished the work.
   C. Although he was tired, he finished the work.
   D. Because of he was tired, he finished the work.

4. In spite of the bad weather, they went hiking.
   A. Because of the bad weather, they went hiking.
   B. Although the weather was bad, they went hiking.
   C. Despite the weather was bad, they went hiking.
   D. Because the weather was bad, they went hiking.

5. He passed the exam because he studied hard.
   A. He passed the exam despite studying hard.
   B. He passed the exam because of he studied hard.
   C. He passed the exam because of his hard studying.
   D. He passed the exam although he studied hard.

6. They went swimming although the water was cold.
   A. They went swimming because the water was cold.
   B. They went swimming despite the cold water.
   C. They went swimming because of the water was cold.
   D. They went swimming because of cold.

7. Because of the heavy traffic, we were late.
   A. We were late although the traffic was heavy.
   B. We were late because the traffic was heavy.
   C. We were late despite of the heavy traffic.
   D. We were late in spite the heavy traffic.

8. Although he was sick, he went to work.
   A. He went to work because he was sick.
   B. He went to work because of being sick.
   C. He went to work despite being sick.
   D. He went to work because he was tired.

9. Because she was tired, she didn’t join the party.
   A. She didn’t join the party because of being tired.
   B. She didn’t join the party in spite of she was tired.
   C. She didn’t join the party although she was tired.
   D. She didn’t join the party despite tiredness.

10. In spite of the high price, she bought the dress.
    A. She bought the dress because of the high price.
    B. She bought the dress because it was expensive.
    C. She bought the dress although the price was high.
    D. She bought the dress because the price was high.

11. She was happy because she won the prize.
    A. She was happy because of winning the prize.
    B. She was happy despite of winning the prize.
    C. She was happy although she won the prize.
    D. She was happy in spite of she won the prize.

12. He continued working despite his tiredness.
    A. He continued working although he was tired.
    B. He continued working because he was tired.
    C. He continued working because of his tired.
    D. He continued working because being tired.

13. I couldn’t sleep because the music was loud.
    A. I couldn’t sleep because of loud music.
    B. I couldn’t sleep in spite of the music.
    C. I couldn’t sleep despite the loud.
    D. I couldn’t sleep although the music loud.

14. She was promoted because of her efforts.
    A. She was promoted although she tried hard.
    B. She was promoted despite her efforts.
    C. She was promoted because she tried hard.
    D. She was promoted although of her efforts.

15. Despite the rain, the match continued.
    A. The match continued because it was raining.
    B. The match continued because of the rain.
    C. The match continued although it rained.
    D. The match continued because rain.

Xem thêm: Giải đề thi tiếng Anh vào lớp 10 tại TPHCM năm 2024 chi tiết

Đáp án

Bài 1: Viết lại câu theo yêu cầu

1. He spent 10 minutes finishing his homework.

2. She spent 30 minutes every day going jogging.

3. He didn’t attend the meeting because of his sickness.

4. Despite being tired, he continued working.

5. In spite of the difficult test, the students still completed it.

6. They arrived late because of the terrible traffic.

7. The match was canceled because of the bad weather.

8. I spent a whole day finishing the book.

9. He prefers watching a movie to reading a book.

10. He is able to play the guitar very well.

11. No sooner had I finished my meal than the phone rang.

12. No sooner had he finished his homework than his friend called.

13. They spent 2 hours cleaning the house.

14. Hardly had I sat down when the bell rang.

15. The children couldn’t sleep because of the noise.

Bài 2: Hoàn thành câu thứ hai sao cho có nghĩa giống câu thứ nhất

1. She spent 20 minutes driving to school.

2. He didn’t go to school because of his fever.

3. Despite being hungry, he didn’t eat.

4. In spite of trying her best, she didn’t win.

5. Hardly had I turned off the lights when the phone rang.

6. No sooner had they arrived than it started to snow.

7. I spent 2 hours editing the video.

8. We stayed inside because of the rain.

9. Despite studying hard, they failed the exam.

10. Hardly had we left the restaurant when it started to rain.

11. No sooner had he opened the door than the alarm went off.

12. My father spends 30 minutes watering the plants.

13. She was upset because of being ignored by her friend.

14. Hardly had she stepped outside when she saw a cat.

15. They spent an hour solving the problem.

Bài 3: Chọn đáp án đúng

1. It took her 30 minutes to cook dinner.
   B. She spent 30 minutes cooking dinner.

2. I had just arrived when it started to rain.
   A. No sooner had I arrived than it started to rain.

3. It took them a week to fix the machine.
   B. They spent a week fixing the machine.

4. He had just gone to bed when the doorbell rang.
   C. Both A and B are correct.

5. It took us two days to finish the project.
   A. We spent two days finishing the project.

6. She didn’t come to class because she was sick.
   C. She didn’t come to class because of her sickness.

7. They canceled the picnic because it rained.
   B. They canceled the picnic because of the rain.

8. He was absent because he had a cold.
   A. He was absent because of his cold.

9. I was late because I missed the bus.
   C. I was late because of missing the bus.

10. The flight was delayed because the weather was bad.
    A. The flight was delayed because of the bad weather.

11. Although he was tired, he went to work.
    C. Despite being tired, he went to work.

12. She had just finished her homework when the lights went out.
    C. Hardly had she finished her homework when the lights went out.

13. Although she studied hard, she didn’t pass.
    C. In spite of studying hard, she didn’t pass.

14. Although the road was slippery, they drove fast.
    A. Despite the slippery road, they drove fast.

15. I had just arrived when it started to rain. (lặp lại)
    A. No sooner had I arrived than it started to rain.

Bài 4: Viết lại câu với Hardly…when và No sooner…than

→ Hardly had he arrived home when it started to rain.
→ No sooner had he arrived home than it started to rain.

→ Hardly had I closed the door when someone knocked.
→ No sooner had I closed the door than someone knocked.

→ Hardly had she left the office when the phone rang.
→ No sooner had she left the office than the phone rang.

→ Hardly had they finished dinner when they went out.
→ No sooner had they finished dinner than they went out.

→ Hardly had he sat down when the phone rang.
→ No sooner had he sat down than the phone rang.

→ Hardly had I gone to bed when I heard a noise.
→ No sooner had I gone to bed than I heard a noise.

→ Hardly had we started eating when the lights went out.
→ No sooner had we started eating than the lights went out.

→ Hardly had the teacher come in when the students stood up.
→ No sooner had the teacher come in than the students stood up.

→ Hardly had I put the phone down when it rang again.
→ No sooner had I put the phone down than it rang again.

→ Hardly had he entered the room when the lights went off.
→ No sooner had he entered the room than the lights went off.

→ Hardly had they walked into the cinema when the movie began.
→ No sooner had they walked into the cinema than the movie began.

→ Hardly had I stepped out of the house when it began to snow.
→ No sooner had I stepped out of the house than it began to snow.

→ Hardly had I turned on the TV when the power cut.
→ No sooner had I turned on the TV than the power cut.

→ Hardly had he left the house when the police arrived.
→ No sooner had he left the house than the police arrived.

→ Hardly had she finished her presentation when the audience clapped.
→ No sooner had she finished her presentation than the audience clapped.

Bài 5: Chọn đáp án đúng với dạng câu because/because of/in spite of/despite

1. B

2. C

3. C

4. B

5. C

6. B

7. B

8. C

9. A

10. C

11. A

12. A

13. A

14. C

15. B

Tổng kết

Việc luyện tập các dạng bài tập viết lại câu trong bài thi tiếng Anh vào lớp 10 giúp thí sinh nắm vững các cấu trúc ngữ pháp, cải thiện điểm số trong kỳ thi. Thí sinh có thể tham khảo thêm khóa học IELTS tại ZIM để phát triển toàn diện các kỹ năng cần thiết.

Tác giả: Lã Thị Bình An